Dangerous goods are substances or articles that pose a threat to human health, flight safety, property, or the environment, and are listed in the list of dangerous goods in the International Civil Aviation Organization's (ICAO) Technical Directive for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air or classified according to that Directive.
According to currently effective international standards, namely the ICAO Technical Directive for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air and the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations, dangerous goods in air transport can be broadly classified into the following nine categories: 1. Explosives; 2. Gases; 3. Flammable liquids and solids; 4. Spontaneously combustible substances and substances that release gases upon contact with water; 5. Oxidizing agents and peroxides; 6. Toxic and infectious substances; 7. Radioactive materials; 8. Corrosive substances; 9. Miscellaneous dangerous goods. Based on the degree of hazard, dangerous goods can be further categorized into dangerous goods that can be carried by both passenger and cargo aircraft, dangerous goods that are restricted to cargo aircraft transport, dangerous goods that are normally prohibited from transport but are exempted in relevant countries, and dangerous goods that are prohibited from transport under any circumstances.
These hazardous materials include various chemical products whose dangers are obvious, as well as everyday items whose dangers are easily overlooked by the public, such as perfumes, medicines, automobiles, and electrical appliances. They also include aquatic products preserved using special methods, and even certain animals and fruits can pose a certain degree of danger under special circumstances. As society continues to develop, the types of hazardous materials are constantly increasing.
